Humans may not be acquiring pets at a pandemic-induced pace anymore, but they still are spending plenty on food, supplies, and services to take care of the furry members of their families.
Investors in public and private markets have their eyes on all that pet-care spending. Increasingly, consumers have gone beyond buying kibble to snapping up premium products and services that ensure their pets are living healthy, environmentally friendly lives. It’s a trend familiar to anyone who has followed the growth in eco-friendly wellness products and services for humans.
The shorthand for this phenomenon? The “humanisation of pets,” according to Milwaukee-based Baird.
“What that meant 10 years ago was you started to see the premiumisation of the quality of the diets and the emergence of grain-free brands and premium, cleaner-labeled food brands,” says Spencer DePree, a director in Baird’s global consumer and retail group. “That certainly is true today, but you’re starting to see that expand into other parts of the lifestyle of the pet.”
The entire pet economy is valued at about US$130 billion to US$140 billion, divided into four main categories: nutrition, products and supplies, healthcare, and services, according to Baird. Nutrition products snag most consumer dollars, but the so-called humanisation trend touches all of them.
Australia, Canada, and parts of Europe are leading the pet-market conversion to “non-traditional, more premium food and nutrition,” says Scott Ehlen, a director in Baird’s global consumer investment banking group. For the U.S., it’s a question of “how quickly, not if,” the trend will take hold, Ehlen says.
Penta spoke with DePree and Ehlen about what’s driving the growth in pet-related purchases and some of the companies on their radar screen.
Proactive vs. Reactive
One reason for the uptick in purchases of healthier pet products is consumers have realised they can proactively keep their pets happy and free from illness. The simplest step is to provide them with a diet that won’t lead to health problems in future years, and, as with humans, mix in nutritional supplements and treats with health benefits, such as dental care.
“That’s something you’ve seen in human wellness over the last five to seven years,” DePree says.
In pet food, that’s led companies to go beyond making grain-free kibble to producing fresh foods and to offering “toppers,” such as fish oils or freeze-dried raw meat. Companies are even developing foods that don’t rely on traditional beef and poultry proteins, such as Berkeley, Calif.-based Jiminy’s insect-based pet foods—a company backed by venture capital, according to private-markets data company PitchBook.
“Their value proposition is pretty impressive when you just look at the energy consumption that goes into producing a pound of beef,” DePree says.
As people spent more time at home with their pets during the pandemic, they also realised their furry companions have a lot of downtime. Humans that have returned to the office want to make sure their pets stay happy and active, so many are putting their dogs in daycare facilities with cameras that allow them to check in to see how their pup is doing.
“It’s not a kennel, it’s doggy daycare, where it’s analogous to taking your child to daycare,” Ehlen says.
There are a handful of franchisors backed by private equity in this sector including Dogtopia, which Ehlen says is one of the larger companies with at least 200 franchisees and more in the pipeline. An investment vehicle formed by the New York-based private-equity firm Red Barn Equity Partners with funding from institutions and family offices made a major investment in 2020 in the company, which offers daycare, boarding, and spa facilities, according to a news release.
Pet grooming is another area that’s prime for investment. Ehlen says he takes his own dog to a groomer who keeps track of appointments on a paper calendar. “It’s impossible to get a hold of her, impossible to schedule,” he says.
“A vast majority of the market continues to exist in that state in 2023,” Ehlen says. “You’re finally starting to see folks realise that this is a huge market, it’s a non-discretionary market, it’s going to be around forever. It’s just in desperate need of investment, of capital, of innovation.”
The ‘Pet’ Play in Food
The importance of pets to the economy is evident within the four major consumer products companies—Mars, Nestlé, Post Holdings, and General Mills. All include pet foods among their brands; Post, in fact, made a push into the business in February by purchasing Nature’s Way and Rachael Ray Nutrish, among other more standard pet food brands, from J.M. Smucker Co. for $1.2 billion.
For an investor interested in the growth of premium natural pet food, the only pure public-market play is Freshpet, based in Secaucus, N.J., DePree says.
While bigger companies have grabbed more market share, independent, private companies are “still the birthplace of new brands, new innovation, and that could be coming from either new companies or new product lines,” he says. “When the category validates itself or the scale hits, then you may see one of the bigger players jump in through an acquisition.”
Independent companies in the natural pet food space include the Farmer’s Dog, based in New York, which is backed by venture capital, according to Pitchbook. Denver-based Alphia, a pet food co-manufacturer that supplies other companies, was bought late last month by PAI Partners, a private-equity firm, from another PE firm, J.H. Whitney, according to a news release.
In March, the specialty pet food brand Natural Balance, announced it would merge with Canidae, which makes premium sustainable pet food, a news release said.
Before the stock market became more volatile last year, there was a “big queue of folks circling the wagons,” DePree says. Considering that the large consumer products companies are still trying to figure out how to grow this market, “over the next 18, 24 months, you’ll see some more stories become public.” For now, he says, “the demand for ways to play ‘pet’ outstrips the supply.”
The Internet-of-Things for Dogs
Pets aren’t exempt from humans’ obsession with tech, either. The latest pet-tech trends range from fitness trackers to food-monitoring devices that not only monitor how much and when your pet is eating, but also automatically order more food when you’re running low, DePree says.
Old-tech—such as electronic fences that keep dogs confined to a designated space—are being replaced by devices considered more humane and able to collect data on a pet’s behaviour, Ehlen says.
An example is Halo Collar, which uses wireless GPS and allows owners to set up zones to contain their pets wherever they are. The company, based in Woodcliff, N.J., and co-founded by dog psychologist Cesar Millan and tech innovator Ken Ehrman, was backed in May by Utah-based Decathlon Capital Partners, which provides revenue-based financing.
Most innovations in the pet economy so far have focused on dogs, but Ehlen and DePree say companies also have their sights on improving the lives of cats.
“If anyone is doing any innovation in cat, it’s alongside dog, but now you’re starting to see a more purpose-driven and specific sort of focus on the category,” DePress says. But he chides, “cats might be insulted at the humanisation concept—they probably hold themselves in a higher place.”
Rugged coastal drives and fireside drams define a slow, indulgent journey through Scotland’s far north.
A haven for hedge-fund titans and Hollywood grandees, Greenwich is one of the world’s most expensive residential enclaves, where eye-watering prices meet unapologetic grandeur.
The lunar flyby would be the deepest humans have traveled in space in decades.
It’s go time for the highest-stakes mission at NASA in more than 50 years.
On April 1, the agency is set to launch four astronauts around the moon, the deepest human spaceflight since the final Apollo lunar landing in 1972.
The launch window for Artemis II , as the mission is called, opens at 6:24 p.m. ET.
National Aeronautics and Space Administration teams have been preparing the vehicles to depart from Florida’s Kennedy Space Center on the planned roughly 10-day trip. Crew members have trained for years for this moment.
Reid Wiseman, the NASA astronaut serving as mission commander, said he doesn’t fear taking the voyage. A widower, he does worry at times about what he is putting his daughters through.
“I could have a very comfortable life for them,” Wiseman said in an interview last September.
“But I’m also a human, and I see the spirit in their eyes that is burning in my soul too. And so we’ve just got to never stop going.”
Wiseman’s crewmates on Artemis II are NASA’s Victor Glover and Christina Koch, as well as Canadian Space Agency astronaut Jeremy Hansen.

What are the goals for Artemis II?
The biggest one: Safely fly the crew on vehicles that have never carried astronauts before.
The towering Space Launch System rocket has the job of lofting a vehicle called Orion into space and on its way to the moon.
Orion is designed to carry the crew around the moon and back. Myriad systems on the ship—life support, communications, navigation—will be tested with the astronauts on board.
SLS and Orion don’t have much flight experience. The vehicles last flew in 2022, when the agency completed its uncrewed Artemis I mission .
How is the mission expected to unfold?
Artemis II will begin when SLS takes off from a launchpad in Florida with Orion stacked on top of it.
The so-called upper stage of SLS will later separate from the main part of the rocket with Orion attached, and use its engine to set up the latter vehicle for a push to the moon.
After Orion separates from the upper stage, it will conduct what is called a translunar injection—the engine firing that commits Orion to soaring out to the moon. It will fly to the moon over the course of a few days and travel around its far side.
Orion will face a tough return home after speeding through space. As it hits Earth’s atmosphere, Orion will be flying at 25,000 miles an hour and face temperatures of 5,000 degrees as it slows down. The capsule is designed to land under parachutes in the Pacific Ocean, not far from San Diego.

Is it possible Artemis II will be delayed?
Yes.
For safety reasons, the agency won’t launch if certain tough weather conditions roll through the Cape Canaveral, Fla., area. Delays caused by technical problems are possible, too. NASA has other dates identified for the mission if it doesn’t begin April 1.
Who are the astronauts flying on Artemis II?
The crew will be led by Wiseman, a retired Navy pilot who completed military deployments before joining NASA’s astronaut corps. He traveled to the International Space Station in 2014.
Two other astronauts will represent NASA during the mission: Glover, an experienced Navy pilot, and Koch, who began her career as an electrical engineer for the agency and once spent a year at a research station in the South Pole. Both have traveled to the space station before.
Hansen is a military pilot who joined Canada’s astronaut corps in 2009. He will be making his first trip to space.
Koch’s participation in Artemis II will mark the first time a woman has flown beyond orbits near Earth. Glover and Hansen will be the first African-American and non-American astronauts, respectively, to do the same.
What will the astronauts do during the flight?
The astronauts will evaluate how Orion flies, practice emergency procedures and capture images of the far side of the moon for scientific and exploration purposes (they may become the first humans to see parts of the far side of the lunar surface). Health-tracking projects of the astronauts are designed to inform future missions.
Those efforts will play out in Orion’s crew module, which has about two minivans worth of living area.
On board, the astronauts will spend about 30 minutes a day exercising, using a device that allows them to do dead lifts, rowing and more. Sleep will come in eight-hour stretches in hammocks.
There is a custom-made warmer for meals, with beef brisket and veggie quiche on the menu.
Each astronaut is permitted two flavored beverages a day, including coffee. The crew will hold one hourlong shared meal each day.
The Universal Waste Management System—that’s the toilet—uses air flow to pull fluid and solid waste away into containers.
What happens after Artemis II?
Assuming it goes well, NASA will march on to Artemis III, scheduled for next year. During that operation, NASA plans to launch Orion with crew members on board and have the ship practice docking with lunar-lander vehicles that Elon Musk’s SpaceX and Jeff Bezos’ Blue Origin have been developing. The rendezvous operations will occur relatively close to Earth.
NASA hopes that its contractors and the agency itself are ready to attempt one or more lunar landing missions in 2028. Many current and former spaceflight officials are skeptical that timeline is feasible.

